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coprophilous fungi
Coprophilous fungi (''dung-loving'' fungi) are a type of saprobic fungi that grow on animal dung. The hardy spores of coprophilous species are unwittingly consumed by herbivores from vegetation, and are excreted along with the plant matter. The fungi then flourish in the feces, before releasing their spores to the surrounding area.
==Life cycle==
Coprophilous fungi release their spores to the surrounding vegetation, which is then eaten by herbivores. The spores then remain in the animal as the plants are digested, pass through the animal's intestines and are finally defecated. The fruiting bodies of the fungi then grow from the animal feces.〔Pegler, p. 162〕 It is essential that the spores of the species then reach new plant material; spores remaining in the feces will produce nothing. As such, some species have developed means of discharging spores a large distance. An example of this is the genus ''Pilobolus''. Fruiting bodies of ''Pilobolus'' will suddenly rupture, sending the contents over 2 metres away.
The animal feces provides an environment rich in nitrogenous material, which has been largely sterilised by the high temperature, as well as the enzymes in the animal's digestive system. The spores themselves survive digestion by being particularly thick-walled, allowing them to germinate in the dung with minimum competition from other organisms.〔 This thick wall is often broken down during digestion, readying the spore for germination.〔 The spores are so hardy that samples of dried dung can later be rehydrated, allowing the fungus to fruit weeks later.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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